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Birmingham was thought to be situated on the 'silver cross' in the early nineteenth century because it was the centre of the Midlands canal networks. Later in the nineteenth century Birmingham was on the'iron cross' - centre of railway lines going north, south, east and west. In the twentieth century Birmingham was not only at the centre of a road network - Gravelly Hill interchange has become famous as Spaghetti Junction - but the car making industry was a major employer. |